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Existential Therapy

Existential therapy can best be described as a philosophical approach that influences a counselor’s therapeutic practice.  Existential psychotherapy is neither an independent nor separate school of therapy, nor is it a neatly defined model with specific techniques.  It is more appropriate to refer to existential psychotherapies. Historical Background in Philosophy:  Existential therapy was not founded by any particular person or group; many streams of thought contributed to it.  Drawing from a major orientation in philosophy; existential therapy arose spontaneously in different parts of Europe and among different schools of psychology and psychiatry in the 1940s and 1950s.  It grew out of an effort to help people resolve the dilemmas of contemporary life, such as isolation, alienation, and meaninglessness.  Early writers focused on the individual’s experience of being alone in the world and facing the anxiety of the situation. These are some of the major f...
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Cognitive Behavior Therapy

 Traditional behavior therapy has broadened and largely moved in the direction of cognitive behavior therapy.  Albert Ellis’s rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) , Beck’s cognitive therapy, and Meichenbaum’s cognitive behavior therapy are several of the more prominent cognitive behavioral approaches.  Cognitive behavior therapy combines both cognitive and behavioral principles and methods in a short-term treatment approach. The cognitive behavioral approaches share these attributes: 1. a collaborative relationship between client and therapist 2. the premise that psychological distress is largely a function of disturbances in cognitive processes 3. a focus on changing cognitions to produce desired changes in affect and behavior, and 4. a generally time-limited and educational treatment focusing on specific and structured target problems. All of the cognitive behavioral approaches are based on a structured psycho-educational model, and they all emphasize the role ...
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