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Cognitive Behavior Therapy

 Traditional behavior therapy has broadened and largely moved in the direction of cognitive behavior therapy.  Albert Ellis’s rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) , Beck’s cognitive therapy, and Meichenbaum’s cognitive behavior therapy are several of the more prominent cognitive behavioral approaches.  Cognitive behavior therapy combines both cognitive and behavioral principles and methods in a short-term treatment approach. The cognitive behavioral approaches share these attributes: 1. a collaborative relationship between client and therapist 2. the premise that psychological distress is largely a function of disturbances in cognitive processes 3. a focus on changing cognitions to produce desired changes in affect and behavior, and 4. a generally time-limited and educational treatment focusing on specific and structured target problems. All of the cognitive behavioral approaches are based on a structured psycho-educational model, and they all emphasize the role ...
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Existential Therapy

Existential therapy can best be described as a philosophical approach that influences a counselor’s therapeutic practice.  Existential psychotherapy is neither an independent nor separate school of therapy, nor is it a neatly defined model with specific techniques.  It is more appropriate to refer to existential psychotherapies. Historical Background in Philosophy:  Existential therapy was not founded by any particular person or group; many streams of thought contributed to it.  Drawing from a major orientation in philosophy; existential therapy arose spontaneously in different parts of Europe and among different schools of psychology and psychiatry in the 1940s and 1950s.  It grew out of an effort to help people resolve the dilemmas of contemporary life, such as isolation, alienation, and meaninglessness.  Early writers focused on the individual’s experience of being alone in the world and facing the anxiety of the situation. These are some of the major f...
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Person-Centered Therapy

 The person-centered approach is based on concepts from humanistic psychology.  Roger’s basic assumptions are that people are essentially trustworthy, that they have a vast potential for understanding themselves and resolving their own problems without direct intervention on the therapist’s part, and that they are capable of self-directed growth if they are involved in a specific kind of therapeutic relationship.  Roger’s emphasized the attitudes and personal characteristics of the therapist and the quality of the client-therapist relationship as the prime determinants of the outcome of the therapeutic process.  He consistently relegated to a secondary position matters such as the therapists knowledge of theory and techniques.  This belief in the client’s capacity for self-healing is in contrast with many theories that view the therapist’s techniques as the most power agents that lead to change.  Rogers revolutionized the field of psychotherapy by proposing...
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